Exploration of shear wave elastography measures of the iliotibial band during different tasks in pain-free runners

ObjectivesTo determine whether shear wave velocity (SWV) of the iliotibial band (ITB): i) increases with active and passive static tasks, and a dynamic task, ii) differs between ITB regions, iii) changes after exposure to running. Additionally, it aimed to determine the between-day reliability.DesignCase series & test-retest.SettingHuman movement unit laboratory.ParticipantsFifteen runners.Main outcome measuresSWV was measured unilaterally in three regions of the ITB (proximal, middle and distal), during six tasks: rest and contraction (pre- and post-running), modified Ober test, standing, pelvic drop, and weight shift.ResultsCompared to rest, SWV was higher during contraction and Ober test in the distal and middle regions, and higher for the middle region in standing and pelvic drop. No differences were found between regions. A tendency of decreased SWV was observed after running. Compared to the start of the dynamic task, SWV was greater at the end of the movement. Reliability was moderate-to-good for the middle region in the standing tasks (ICCs = 0.68 to 0.84).ConclusionSVW of the ITB was higher under passive or active tension. Comparisons between tasks/regions need to be considered in light of the small sample size and poor repeatability of some regions/conditions.     

Black beans and red kidney beans induce positive postprandial vascular responses in healthy adults: A pilot randomized cross-over study

Background and aimsConsuming pulses (dry beans, dry peas, chickpeas, lentils) over several weeks can improve vascular function and decrease cardiovascular disease risk; however, it is unknown whether pulses can modulate postprandial vascular responses. The objective of this study was to compare different bean varieties (black, navy, pinto, red kidney) and white rice for their acute postprandial effects on vascular and metabolic responses in healthy individuals.Methods and resultsThe study was designed as a single-blinded, randomized crossover trial with a minimum 6 days between consumption of the food articles. Vascular tone (primary endpoint), haemodynamics and serum biochemistry (secondary endpoints) were measured in 8 healthy adults before and at 1, 2, and 6 h after eating ¾ cup of beans or rice. Blood pressure and pulse wave velocity (PWV) were lower at 2 h following red kidney bean and pinto bean consumption compared to rice and navy bean, respectively (p < 0.05). There was greater vasorelaxation 6 h following consumption of darker-coloured beans, as shown by decreased vascular tone: PWV was lower after consuming black bean compared to pinto bean, augmentation pressure was lower after consuming black bean compared to rice and pinto bean, and wave reflection magnitude was lower after consuming red kidney bean and black bean compared to rice, navy bean, and pinto bean (p < 0.05). LDL-cholesterol concentrations were lower 6 h after black bean consumption compared to rice (p < 0.05).ConclusionOverall, red kidney and black beans, the darker-coloured beans, elicited a positive effect on the tensile properties of blood vessels, and this acute response may provide insight for how pulses modify vascular function.     

定量组织速度成像评价心肌梗死患者左心室舒张不同步性及整体舒张功能

目的探讨应用定量组织速度成像技术(QTVI)评价心肌梗死患者左心室非同步舒张运动的意义。方法获取60例心肌梗死患者及40例正常人的标准心尖部左室长轴、两腔和四腔观组织速度图像,离线分析左心室6个壁基底段、中间段和心尖段共18个位点及左心室各壁二尖瓣环的组织速度曲线,测量心电图QRS波起始点至各位点心肌舒张早期峰值速度(Ea)的时限(TQ-E)。计算同一节段6个壁间TQ-E的最大差值(Inter-ΔTQ-E)、同一壁内3个节段间TQ-E的最大差值(Intra-ΔTQ-E)及左心室18个位点间TQ-E的最大差值(Max-ΔTQ-E)。计算左心室各壁二尖瓣环Ea与舒张晚期峰值速度(Aa)比值的平均值(Ea/Aa′)。并利用常规超声心动图测定心肌梗死患者左室整体舒张末容积(EDV)、收缩末容积(ESV)、射血分数(LVEF)。结果与正常人相比,心肌梗死组EDV、ESV均明显升高,心肌梗死组EF明显降低,心肌梗死患者的Inter-ΔTQ-E、Intra-ΔTQ-E、Max-ΔTQ-E均明显延长,Ea/Aa′明显降低。心肌梗死患者中,Max-ΔTQ-E与Ea/Aa′均呈显著负相关;与EDV及ESV呈显著正相关;与EF呈显...     

多维度评估对特发性脊柱侧凸进展高峰期的预测价值

目的:通过多维度评估特发性脊柱侧凸(idiopathic scoliosis,IS)患儿侧凸进展高峰期(peak angle velocity,PAV)的相应成熟度指标,探讨其对PAV的预测价值。方法:选取初诊时月经未至、Risser征0级,Y三角软骨未闭、以半年为周期随访至少5次且进展超过5°的女性IS患儿30例,初诊年龄为10.8±1.5岁(7.8~12.1岁)。随访时收集及测量的指标包括实足年龄、Y三角软骨闭合状态、Risser征、身高、主弯Cobb角和骨龄(digital skeletal age,DSA)评分。计算每个随访周期内的身高增长速度(height velocity,HV)和Cobb角增长速度(angle velocity,AV)。采用逻辑回归分析各维度指标对PAV的预测价值。结果:30例患儿的PAV年龄为11.8±1.3岁(10~15岁),PAV时的身高为150.7±4.8cm,DSA评分为479.4±56.5,主弯Cobb角为26.5°±7.2°,HV为8.3±3.7cm/年,AV为7.8°±5.2°/年。PAV主要发生于Risser征0级(80.0%)和1级(20.0%)。逻辑回归分析结果显示PAV的发生与实足年龄介于11~13岁之间(OR=3.166,P=0.032)、Y软骨闭合(OR=6.365,P0.01)、Risser征0级(OR=12.963,P0.01)、DSA评分介于400~500之间(OR=10.758,P=0.011)、HV6cm/年(OR=4.346,P=0.025)、Cobb角30°(OR=9.535,P=0.013)呈显著相关。结论:年龄介于11~13岁之间、Risser征0级伴Y软骨闭合、DSA评分介于400~500之间、HV6cm/年和Cobb角30°为女性IS患儿侧凸PAV的高危因素,可用于预测PAV的发生,评估侧凸进展风险。     

视网膜中央静脉血流彩色多普勒检测

本文应用彩色多普勒血流显像（ＣＤＦＩ）对１０５例正常人２１０只眼的视网膜中央静脉（ＣＲＶ）各项血流参数进行检测。结果：各血流参数与年龄之间无密切相关性Ｐ＞０．０５，性别及眼别之间亦无显著性差异Ｐ＞０．０５，描述了正常ＣＲＶ彩色血流及血流频谱特点。ＣＲＶ血流频谱形态随视网膜中央动脉（ＣＲＡ）呈搏动性、周期性变化。认为该血管的解剖特点决定了其血流动力主要来源于ＣＲＡ血流驱使力或搏动，其它因素影响不大。这是研究ＣＲＶ血流动力学的有利条件。提出了各项指标的正常值范围。     

八味芪丹胶囊联合依帕司他治疗2型糖尿病周围神经病变临床观察

目的 观察八味芪丹胶囊联合依帕司他治疗2型糖尿病周围神经病变的临床疗效及对患者血清铁蛋白及氧化应激指标的影响,探讨其可能的作用机制。方法 将62例糖尿病周围神经病变（diabetic peripheral neuropathy,DPN）患者随机分成观察组和对照组,每组31例。两组均以个体化降糖为基础治疗,对照组另口服依帕司他,观察组在对照组疗法的基础上加用八味芪丹胶囊,疗程均为4周。分别采用中医证候评分、多伦多临床评分系统（Toronto clinical scoring system,TCSS）评定临床疗效,采用神经电检诊仪检测神经传导速度,采用化学比色法检测血清铁蛋白（serum ferritsn,SF）,硫代巴比妥酸法检测丙二醛（malondialdehyde,MDA）水平,化学发光法检测超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase,SOD）水平。结果 治疗后两组患者中医证候评分、TCSS评分均较治疗前明显减少（P<0.05）,且观察组减少程度大于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后两组患者神经传导速度均较治疗前明显提高（P＜0.05）,且观察组较对照组提高更为明显（P＜0.05）。治疗后两组患者血清SF、MDA水平均较治疗前明显降低（P<0.05）,SOD水平明显升高（P<0.05）;且观察组SF、MDA水平的降低程度以及SOD水平的升高程度均大于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 八味芪丹胶囊联合依帕司他治疗2型糖尿病周围神经病变的疗效优于单用依帕司他,且能有效提高神经传导速度,其机制可能与调节铁代谢途径、改善氧化应激反应有关。     

半夏白术天麻汤治疗后循环缺血性眩晕的系统评价

目的 系统评价半夏白术天麻汤治疗后循环缺血性眩晕的有效性、安全性。方法 计算机检索中国学术期刊全文数据库（CNKI）、万方数据知识服务平台（Wanfang Data）、维普中文期刊全文数据库（VIP）、中国生物医学文献数据库（CBM）、Cochrane Library、PubMed、Embase、Web of Science等数据库,筛选出半夏白术天麻汤治疗后循环缺血性眩晕的随机对照试验（RCT）,检索时限从建库至2023年6月30日。应用Cochrane Handbook 5.1评价文献质量,RevMan 5.3评价软件进行Meta分析。结果 共纳入22项RCTs,包括患者1 763例患者,试验组（半夏白术天麻汤联合化学药治疗或常规治疗） 887例、对照组（单用化学药或常规治疗） 876例。Meta分析结果显示：在提高总有效率方面［OR＝4.10,95% CI（2.95,5.70）,P＜0.000 01］,在改善全血高切黏度方面［SMD＝-0.88,95% CI（-1.30,-0.46）,P＜0.000 1］、改善全血低切黏度方面［SMD＝-1.55,95% CI（-1.84,-1.25）,P＜0.000 01］,在增加基底动脉平均血流流速方面［SMD＝1.32,95% CI （0.85,1.78）,P＜0.000 01］,在增加左/右椎动脉平均血流流速方面［SMD＝2.08,95% CI （1.15,3.00）,P＜0.000 1］/［SMD＝2.04,95% CI （1.10,2.98）,P＜0.000 1］;在改善恶心呕吐症状评分方面［SMD＝ - 4.18,95% CI（-6.14,-2.21）,P＜0.000 1］、头晕目眩症状评分方面［SMD＝-1.13,95% CI（-1.87,-0.40）,P＝0.002］,试验组均优于对照组。研究中明确为不良反应者10例,症状为皮疹或胃肠道不适。结论 半夏白术天麻汤联合化学药治疗或常规治疗,可以明显提高后循环缺血性眩晕的总有效率、改善血流指标、改善恶心呕吐及头晕目眩症状评分,并且不良反应少且轻微,具有安全性及有效性。但由于此次纳入的文献中样本量偏小,需采用更多大样本、设计严谨的临床试验方案提高证据质量级别。     

The relationship between the severity of erectile dysfunction and aortic stiffness

Aortic stiffness increases in patients with erectile dysfunction (ED) but it is not known whether aortic stiffness affects the degree of ED. In the present study, we aimed to determine whether there is any relationship between aortic stiffness and the severity of ED. Patients with ED were divided into 3 groups according to the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) scores. Mild ED was named as group 1, moderate ED as group 2 and severe ED as group 3. The values of fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum lipid values, total testosterone (T. tes), and free testosterone (F tes) were recorded. Aortic stiffness was determined by pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index (AIX) measurements. The mean or median values of the laboratory parameters among the groups were similar (p > .05). No statistical difference was found between the groups in terms of AIX value (p = .386). Mean PWV values were calculated as 7.26, 8.30 and 8.78 in group 1, group 2 and group 3 respectively. PWV values were significantly different between groups (p < .0001). PWV values were found to be increased with increasing severity of erectile dysfunction.